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- September 8, 2010 |
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| Presentation |
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"Diabetes in Indigenous Australians"Prof. Timothy Davis (biography)
English - 2005-03-10 - 40 minutes
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Summary :
Indigenous Australians are found in largely in remote and rural areas and represent two percent of the Australian population. The first in-depth studies on diabetes in these people were done in the 1960's, revealing a high incidence of type 2 diabetes.
Diabetes in Indigenous Australians is associated with factors related to socioeconomic disadvantage, and is thought to also be related to a change from the traditional hunter-gatherer lifestyle to a Western lifestyle. Of interest is a small study by O'Dea and colleagues which showed marked improvements in carbohydrate and lipid metabolism in type 2 diabetic Australian Aborigines who underwent a temporary reversion to the traditional lifestyle (1). Diabetes is also seen at younger ages in Aborigines and Torres Strait Islanders (2, 3) compared to non-indigenous groups.
Barriers to good glycaemic control are significant for Indigenous Australians, and include a lack of access to trained health care workers and medications. Studies by McDermott and colleagues have provided some detail about diabetes care in Indigenous Australians living in remote Northern communities (3). Further studies are needed to examine the efficacy of diabetes medications in indigenous groups, however one study by Prof. Davis and colleagues demonstrated no difference in the efficacy of gliclazide in Australian Aboriginal versus Caucasian type 2 diabetics (4).
Prof. Davis concludes his talk by giving an overview of the nature and prevalence of diabetic complications in Indigenous Australians, such as renal disease (5,6), coronary heart disease (7), retinopathy (8) and foot complications (9).
Copyright © 2005 E-MedHosting.com Inc.
Learning objectives :
To review the recent history of Indigenous Australians (Aborigines and Torres Strait Islanders; ATSI), especially as it relates to factors predisposing to diabetes
To assess the prevalence and nature of diabetes in Indigenous Australian groups including
- Glycaemic control
- Complications
Bibliographic references :
1. K O'Dea.Marked improvement in carbohydrate and lipid metabolism in diabetic Australian aborigines after temporary reversion to traditional lifestyle
Diabetes, Vol 33, Issue 6 596-603.
2. O'Dea K. “Diabetes in Australian aborigines: impact of the western diet and life style” J Intern Med. 1992 Aug;232(2):103-17.
3. Robyn A McDermott, Fiona Tulip and Barbara Schmidt Diabetes care in remote northern Australian Indigenous communitiesMJA 2004; 180 (10): 512-516.
4. Timothy M. E. Davis, Frank Daly, John P. Walsh, Kenneth F. Ilett, John P. Beilby, Leon J. Dusci & P. Hugh R. Barrett. Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of gliclazide in Caucasians and Australian Aborigines with type 2 diabetesBritish Journal of Clinical Pharmacology Volume 49 Issue 3 Page 223 - March 2000.
5. Wendy E. Hoy, Zhiqiang Wang, Paul vanBuynder, Philip R.A. Baker, Stephen M. Mcdonald, and John D. MathewsThe natural history of renal disease in Australian Aborigines. Part 2. Albuminuria predicts natural death and renal failureKidney Int'l. Volume 60 Issue 1 Page 249 - July 2001.
6. Wendy E Hoy, Philip R Baker, Angela M Kelly and Zhiqiang Wang. Reducing premature death and renal failure in Australian AboriginalsMJA 2000; 172: 473-478.
7. Zhiqiang Wang and Wendy E Hoy. Association between diabetes and coronary heart disease in Aboriginal people: are women disadvantaged?MJA 2004; 180 (10): 508-511.
8. Nandor Jaross FCO(Hungary) , Philip Ryan FAFPHM and Henry Newland FRANZCO.
Prevalence of diabetic retinopathy in an Aboriginal Australian population: results from the Katherine Region Diabetic Retinopathy Study (KRDRS). Report no. 1Clin Experiment Ophthalmol. 2003 Feb;31(1):32-9.
9. Dan Ewald, Mahomed Patel and Gill Hall.
HOSPITAL SEPARATIONS INDICATE INCREASING NEED FOR PREVENTION OF DIABETIC FOOT COMPLICATIONS IN CENTRAL AUSTRALIAAust J Rural Health. 2001 Dec;9(6):275-9.
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