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- August 20, 2008 |
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Welcome to the #1 online source of information for Diabetes Specialists! An international online community of more than 10,000 Diabetes Specialists.
CME on Diabetes is a website built to transmit top-level CME conferences given by international experts in endocrinology, insulin resistance, prediabetes, metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes. More than 2.6 million slides have been viewed since the website launch. Thank you for your continued support and commitment!
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GeneticsType 2 diabetes is a predisposed genetic disease; heredity is the predominant factor. The origin of diabetes is multifactorial and polygenic based. This means that it is a disease which is genetically determined by the interaction of abnormal genes, but which only manifests itself in the presence of contributing environmental factors. Obesity is often associated with diabetes. Physical exercise and a good diet often help to overcome the symptoms.
Presentations listing
The Genetics of Syndromes of Insulin Resistance - Dr. Katherine Samaras
Genetics of Obesity - Dr. Claude Bouchard
Genetics of Type 2 Diabetes and the Metabolic Syndrome? - Prof. Leif C Groop
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"The Genetics of Syndromes of Insulin Resistance"Dr. Katherine Samaras (biography)
English - 2005-06-18 - 40 minutes
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Summary :
In this presentation Dr. Samaras talks about the genetics of insulin resistance syndromes.
Abdominal fat is a key contributing factor in the metabolic syndrome, and twin and family studies show a substantial contribution of genetic factors in determining body fat mass. Genetic epidemiological studies from Dr. Samaras' group showed a gene-environment interaction in that physical...
Learning objectives :
After viewing this presentation the participant will be able to discuss:
- The contribution of abdominal obesity to mortality risk
- Determinants of body fat mass
- Gene-environment interactions in those predisposed to central obesity
- Genes affecting different metabolic syndrome phenotypes
- Recent findings: molecular genetic evidence in the metabolic syndrome
- Drug-induced metabolic syndromes: HIV, HAART
Bibliographic references :
1. Samaras K, Kelly PJ, Chiano MN, Spector TD, Campbell LV.Genetic and environmental influences on total-body and central abdominal fat: the effect of physical activity in female twins. Ann Intern Med. 1999 Jun 1;130(11):873-82.
2. Samaras Twin Research 2000
3. DrAndrew Carr MD, Cassy Workman MBBS, Dianne Carey MPH, Gary Rogers MBBS, Allison Martin MSc (Med), David Baker MBBS, Handan Wand PhD, Matthew Law PhD, Katherine Samaras PhD, Sean Emery PhD, ProfDavid A Cooper DSc. No effect of rosiglitazone for treatment of HIV-1 lipoatrophy: randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial The Lancet.Volume 363, Issue 9407 , 7 February 2004, Pages 429-438.
4. Mallon PW, Unemori P, Sedwell R, Morey A, Rafferty M, Williams K, Chisholm D, Samaras K, Emery S, Kelleher A, Cooper DA, Carr A; SAMA Investigators.In vivo, nucleoside reverse-transcriptase inhibitors alter expression of both mitochondrial and lipid metabolism genes in the absence of depletion of mitochondrial DNA. J Infect Dis. 2005 May 15;191(10):1686-96. Epub 2005 Apr 12.
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"Genetics of Obesity"Dr. Claude Bouchard (biography)
English - 2005-04-14 - 39 minutes
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Summary :
Obesity is one of the most pressing public health problems in the industrialized world. Twin, adoption, and family studies have shown that genetic factors play a significant role in the pathogenesis of obesity. Rare mutations in humans and model organisms have provided insights into the pathways involved in body weight regulation. To date, almost 200 human obesity cases have been ascribed to...
Learning objectives :
After viewing this presentation, participants will be able to discuss:
• The four adiposity phenotypes
• The five genetic hypotheses of obesity
• The evidence for single gene diseases
• The evidence for oligogenic disorders
Bibliographic references :
Pietilainen KH, Rissanen A, Kaprio J, Makimattila S, Hakkinen AM, Westerbacka J, Sutinen J, Vehkavaara S, Yki-Jarvinen H. Acquired obesity is associated with increased liver fat, intra-abdominal fat, and insulin resistance in young adult monozygotic twins. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab. 2005 Apr;288(4):E768-74. Epub 2004 Dec 7.
Bouchard C, Tremblay A, Despres JP, Nadeau A, Lupien PJ, Theriault G, Dussault J, Moorjani S, Pinault S, Fournier G. The response to long-term overfeeding in identical twins. N Engl J Med. 1990 May 24;322(21):1477-82.
Perusse L, Rankinen T, Zuberi A, Chagnon YC, Weisnagel SJ, Argyropoulos G, Walts B, Snyder EE, Bouchard C. The human obesity gene map: the 2004 update. Obes Res. 2005 Mar;13(3):381-490.
Human Obesity Gene Map Website
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"Genetics of Type 2 Diabetes and the Metabolic Syndrome?"Prof. Leif C Groop (biography)
English - 2005-04-14 - 27 minutes
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Summary :
Whereas diabetes can be diagnosed by measuring blood glucose, there are few laboratory tests for diagnosing diabetic subgroups like type 1 and type 2 diabetes (T2D). In general, everything which is not type 1 diabetes has been considered as type 2 diabetes. Therefore, T2D has accounted between 85-99% of all cases with diabetes around the world. This certainly represents an oversimplification of...
Learning objectives :
After viewing this presentation the participant will be able to discuss:
- Metabolic disturbances leading to type 2 diabetes
- Some important susceptibility genes for type 2 diabetes
Bibliographic references :
Charlotte Ling, Pernille Poulsen, Emma Carlsson, Martin Ridderstråle, Peter Almgren, Jørgen Wojtaszewski, Henning Beck-Nielsen, Leif Groop and Allan VaagMultiple environmental and genetic factors influence skeletal muscle PGC-1(alpha) and PGC-1ß gene expression in twins
J. Clin. Invest. 114:1518-1526 (2004).
Valeriya Lyssenko, Peter Almgren, Dragi Anevski, Roland Perfekt, Kaj Lahti, Michael Nissén, Bo Isomaa, Björn Forsen, Nils Homström, Carola Saloranta, Marja-Riitta Taskinen, Leif Groop, and Tiinamaija Tuomi for the Botnia Study Group Predictors of and Longitudinal Changes in Insulin Sensitivity and Secretion Preceding Onset of Type 2 Diabetes
Diabetes 54:166-174, 2005.
Vamsi K Mootha, Cecilia M Lindgren, Karl-Fredrik Eriksson, Aravind Subramanian, Smita Sihag, Joseph Lehar, Pere Puigserver, Emma Carlsson, Martin Ridderstråle, Esa Laurila, Nicholas Houstis, Mark J Daly, Nick Patterson, Jill P Mesirov, Todd R Golub, Pablo Tamayo, Bruce Spiegelman, Eric S Lander, Joel N Hirschhorn, David Altshuler & Leif C GroopPGC-1-(alpha) responsive genes involved in oxidative phosphorylation are coordinately downregulated in human diabetes
Nature Genetics 34, 267 - 273 (2003).
David Altshuler, Joel N. Hirschhorn, Mia Klannemark, Cecilia M. Lindgren, Marie-Claude Vohl, James Nemesh, Charles R. Lane, Stephen F. Schaffner, Stacey Bolk, Carl Brewer, Tiinamaija Tuomi, Daniel Gaudet, Thomas J. Hudson, Mark Daly, Leif Groop & Eric S. LanderThe common PPAR(gamma) Pro12Ala polymorphism is associated with decreased risk of type 2 diabetesNature Genetics.2000;volume 26 no. 1 pp 76 - 80.
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Would you like to know more about insulin resistance? Are you looking for information pertaining to Type 2 Diabetes? You can find what you are looking for in over 2000 references available on CMEonDiabetes. |
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