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- March 12, 2010 |
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CME on Diabetes is a website built to transmit top-level CME conferences given by international experts in endocrinology, insulin resistance, prediabetes, metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes. More than 2.6 million slides have been viewed since the website launch. Thank you for your continued support and commitment!
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"Insulin Resistance: Friend or Foe?"Prof. David James (biography)
English - 2005-06-18 - 39 minutes
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Summary :
In this presentation Prof. James talks about several aspects of insulin resistance as well as fuel management and implications for therapeutic development.
The causes of insulin resistance are numerous and interconnected. For example hyperglycemia leads to oxidative stress and oxidative stress causes a cytokine response. Animal studies conducted at the Garvan Institute of Medical Research provide evidence to suggest that there are different kinds of insulin resistance, depending on the mode of the damaging insult. High-fat feeding and hyperinsulinemia seem to target upstream elements of the insulin signaling pathway, whereas oxidative stress appears to target Akt. This is important because pharmacological agents targeting only upstream elements, for example, might not affect other forms of insulin resistance. This raises the question of whether agents should instead target elements far downstream. Is insulin resistance always detrimental? Prof. James shows some examples of situations where insulin resistance may be beneficial to the organism.
Turning to cellular metabolism, fat when it enters the cell can get deposited as triglycerides or enter the mitochondria to undergo oxidation. Inhibition of carnitine palmitoyltransferase-1 (CPT1) present in the mitochondrial membrane inhibits fat oxidation, leading to increased triglyceride deposition. Malonyl-CoA is an inhibitor of CPT1, and AMPK is an upstream inhibitor of Acetyl-CoA Carboxylase (ACC), which converts Acetyl-CoA to Malonyl-CoA. Prof. James describes the characteristics of an ACC-knockout mouse and discusses animal models with lean phenotypes.
In closing Prof. James introduces a compound identified by his group that seems to cause increased energy expenditure in animals.
Copyright © 2005 E-MedHosting.com Inc.
Learning objectives :
After viewing this presentation the participant will be able to discuss:
Insulin resistance:
- What is it?
- What causes it?
- Is it good or bad?
- Is it just a marker?
- Fuel Management
- Animal Models
- Beyond
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